Humanitarian paradigm

UMAN BASILIAN MONASTERY: HISTORY AND MODERNITY

2024-05-23T21:15:48+00:00

Abstract. The article attempts to rethink the history of the Monastery of the Intercession of the Holy Virgin in Uman in the context of the twentieth century. In particular, special attention is paid to the detailed reconstruction of all known facts and events related to the functioning of this outstanding religious center. The unique significance of the Uman Basilian Monastery is noted.

Key words: Uman Basilian Monastery, Monastery of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Uman, Greek Catholic Church, religion, Uman region.

Uman in the events of the First winter campaign of the Ukrainian nationalist army

2025-05-26T17:31:59+00:00

Bezhynar Taras. Uman in the events of the First winter campaign of the Ukrainian nationalist army

Abstract. The article is dedicated to a detailed analysis of the role of the Ukrainian People's Army (Ukrainian National Republic Army) in the events of the First Winter Campaign (1919-1920). In the broader context of the Ukrainian revolutionary front of 1917-1921, the occupation of Uman strengthened the strategic positions of the Ukrainian army and marked an important stage that restored its combat capability, providing a temporary opportunity to continue the struggle for Ukrainian independence.

The article analyzes the preconditions that prompted the Ukrainian military command, led by Chief Ataman Symon Petliura, to decide on the First Winter Campaign. It also reveals the challenging situation on the front, complicated by a typhus epidemic, poverty, and a lack of resources. Special emphasis is placed on the strategic significance of Uman as an essential transportation and economic base for supplying food, ammunition, and other necessary resources for the Ukrainian army. The occupation of the city allowed for reinforcing the personnel, mobilizing the local population, and establishing contact with the partisan groups operating in Ukrainian Right Bank.

The article provides a detailed analysis of the battles in Uman in January 1920 and the active participation of the local population, which provided vital support to the Ukrainian army by supplying food and intelligence. The author describes the tactics of the Ukrainian army as consisting of sudden and rapid attacks that successfully broke through the defenses of the Bolshevik forces. An important element is the description of the impact of these battles on the morale of the army and the further development of the First Winter Offensive.

The study also analyzes the political impact of the occupation of Uman on the internal situation in Ukraine. The occupation of the city was an important signal for Ukrainians and the international community that, despite all the difficulties and defeats, the UPR troops were still capable of resistance. This victory became a powerful factor in mobilizing the local population, supporting the national movement, and activating the uprising against the Bolsheviks. The moral boost caused by this victory played a significant role in further military operations of the UPR forces. However, ultimately, the city could not be held for long due to a lack of resources and constant pressure from the enemy.

In the conclusions of the study, it is emphasized that, despite the temporary nature of the first winter campaign, it became a symbol of the indomitable spirit of the Ukrainian soldiers and their devotion to the cause of independence. The Battle of Uman and the entire operation demonstrated a high level of organization and heroism of the UPR forces and became an important step in the strengthening of the national movement, which culminated in Ukraine's independence in 1991.

Key words: Ukrainian People's Republic, Uman, First Winter Campaign, UPR army, Bolshevik troops, war.

Polish architectural heritage in the city of Uman

2025-05-26T17:29:20+00:00

Tkachenko Dmytro. Polish architectural heritage in the city of Uman

Abstract. The article studies the heritage of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the famous city of Uman. The goal is to convey to the reader the consequences of the rule of the Poles on the Uman land from a cultural and architectural point of view and to promote the development of the tourist sector in Uman. After all, everyone can see with their own eyes the buildings that were built by the Polish community or magnates several centuries ago, but not everyone knows why they were built in this place and for what purpose. One of the main attractions of Polish architecture in Uman is the ensemble of the Uman Catholic Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, built in 1821. The church is not only a religious object, but also an important cultural center, where unique artifacts and historical documents related to the Polish community of the city are stored. The center often becomes a venue for cultural events and exhibitions dedicated to contemporary art and literature. The Basilian Monastery, located in one of the picturesque corners of the Uman region, is an example of the spiritual and cultural heritage of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. Founded in the 18th century and named after Saint Basil the Great, it played an important role in the formation of the spiritual life of the community and education. Visiting the monastery today, tourists can immerse themselves in the atmosphere of the past, feel the spiritual peace and learn the history of the monks' residence. "Sofiyivka" is known for its charming alleys, waterfalls, artificial lakes, granite rocks and many romantic sculptures and pavilions. The park reflects ancient motifs and Greek mythology, which is why it is often called the "Ukrainian Versailles". "Sofiyivka" remains a symbol of beauty and harmony of nature with architecture. Uman offers a unique experience for tourists due to its rich history and picturesque landscapes. Tourists can explore the rich Polish and Ukrainian architectural heritage represented in the city's numerous buildings.

Keywords: Polish heritage, architecture, culture, building, tourism, Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Basilian Monastery, Sofiivka Park, Potocki.

Роль археологічних пам'яток у вивченні культурологічних змін на Закарпатті

2025-05-26T17:42:55+00:00

Penyak Pavlo, Malets Oleksandr, Malets Natalia. The role of archaeological sites in the study of cultural changes in Transcarpathia

The article is devoted to the source analysis of archaeological sites in Transcarpathia , which play a key role in the study of cultural changes in the region from the Late Eneolithic to the Late Bronze Age. It focuses on the transformation of the cultural landscape in the Late Eneolithic (the second quarter of the third millennium BC), when the Polgar culture was replaced by the Baden culture, also known as the culture of channelized ceramics. The article examines the area of formation of the Baden culture in the Upper Danube, particularly in the Vienna Basin near the city of Baden (modern Austria), and the process of its spread to the Carpathian Basin, with a focus on Transcarpathia, which became its easternmost area. Special attention is given to cultural changes during the Bronze Age, when Transcarpathia became an important crossroads for cultural interaction. Archaeological sites from the Early Bronze Age, including settlements and burial grounds, reflect the processes of adaptation of the local population to new technologies and socioeconomic models. Contacts with neighboring regions, especially the territories of modern Slovakia and Hungary, played a significant role in the dissemination of metallurgical knowledge and innovations. The Middle Bronze Age is characterized by the emergence of new forms of social organization and the intensification of interregional trade. During this period, elements of the Otoman-Füzeshabon culture were recorded in Upper Potyssia, illustrating the development of crafts, including the production of richly ornamented ceramics, as well as the improvement of tools. Late Bronze Age monuments, such as mound burials and the remains of fortified settlements, indicate a significant increase in social stratification and the formation of local power structures. Of particular interest are the settlements in favorable natural conditions between the southern spurs of the Carpathians and the Potyssia Plain, which had access to strategically important routes across the Carpathian mountain range. The article emphasizes the importance of archaeological sites as a source for understanding the processes of cultural evolution, interaction, and change that occurred in the region from the Eneolithic to the Late Bronze Age. These sites allow us to trace the dynamics of cultural influences and the adaptation of the population to new conditions, which is crucial for the reconstruction of historical processes in Central and Eastern Europe.

Keywords: source studies, archaeology, monuments, artifacts, culture, art, museology, heritage, evolution.

The uniqueness of Galicia as an iconic region in the ethno-cultural and civilizational-geopolitical aspects.

2025-05-26T17:51:24+00:00

Bagan O., Zubkovich O. The uniqueness of Galicia as an iconic region in the ethno-cultural and civilizational-geopolitical aspects.

Key words: Uman Basilian Monastery, Monastery of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Uman, Greek Catholic Church, religion, Uman region.