The features of preparing future journalists in conditions of the multimedia journalism: methodological-historical aspects.

Abstract

Modern Ukrainian society requires journalism to create high-quality analytical materials that contribute to the formation of the socio-political position of citizens and influence the adoption of political decisions by representatives of government structures. This, in turn, requires journalists to have competence, the ability to think critically, evaluate, analyze, and forecast. Creation of high-quality journalistic materials requires the development and application of the methodological tools of journalism, the formation and replenishment of which occurs at the intersection with other sciences and through related fields of activity. The article is devoted to the actual topic of the methodological aspects of journalism. Main attention is paid to the problem of methodological instruments of journalism.The article analyses various reasons of factual mistakes in the mass media. Special attention is paid to violation of factological adequacy norms in newspaper, magazine and publications.The author analyzes various approaches to the classification of methods used in journalistic activities. The definition of methods of journalism can be decided only at the methodological level, which involves the generalization of already existing forms and methods of journalistic activity with all other forms of human activity. The article drew attention to the expediency of the transformation of general scientific methods of cognition and their specific use in journalism, the replenishment of the traditional journalistic arsenal of methods with new ones, the individual creation by the journalist in practice of his own methods, which later become generally known. Knowledge and skilful use of techniques and historical methods are the essence of the journalist's methodological culture. Its components are the general methodology of social cognition, the general journalistic methodology, the methodology for obtaining empirical data, and the methodological basis for interpreting the information obtained.