The psychological aspect of preschool children's attraction to the perception of works of art of the 20th century (using the works of Henri Matisse and Pablo Picasso)

Abstract

The relevance of the research is caused by rapid changes and transformations in the spheres of life of a growing individual, particularly in education. The urgent problem of today is the need for programmatic and methodical provision of artistic and aesthetic development of senior preschoolers by means of visual art, taking into account the technology in education and uncontrolled, rapid changes, demand and supply in this field. The purpose of the study is to determine the psychological components that explain the attraction of preschool children to the perception of works of art of the 20th century as «understandable for children», to determine the common characteristics of the artistic images of the specified groups of recipients by means of a content analysis of the works of avant-garde artists and the drawings of senior children preschool age The methodology of the research is the works of the Ukrainian art critic, art theorist, teacher F. Shmit, who studied art and its educational influence on the child’s personality, focused attention on the staginess of children’s drawings and recognized certain parallels between the development of art (styles and directions) and the staginess of children’s drawings; works of H. Kershensteiner, a representative of the biogenetic theory, in which it is noted that changes at each stage of a child’s development occur synchronously and in the process of developing his capabilities during artistic activity. Summary: an artistic, aesthetic environment, a deliberately selected visual demonstration series of works of art gives various effects of influence on the artistic and aesthetic development of a child. The specified effects of influence always have a social context and are of decisive importance for the child’s development. It is important to note that in the artistic images of the artists of the 20th century, unique individuality, sensuality and aesthetic freedom/will are clearly visible, which, in turn, is common and natural for children of senior preschool age.