«Bessarabian question» of 1918-1920 years in the works of the foreign researchers ustice
Abstract
In January 1919 year, Paris became the center of world diplomacy, because the conference was opened here, it was supposed to sum up the First World War. From the tactical point of view, it had to work out the complex of the treaties with the defeated countries of the Fourth Alliance. Strategically, it was about redistribution of the spheres of the influence and the creation of the new map of Europe and the world. The first meetings of the conference had shown that France tried to weaken Germany as much as possible; it was allowed it to establish its own hegemony in Europe. Instead, the Great Britain and the United States were more interested in the preservation of the political balance, so their representatives took more into account the interests of the defeated countries.The discussions and the controversies in the surroundings of the leadership of the conference raised the questions which were related to the territories of the former Russian Empire, where at that time the war was. One of this was the «Bessarabian question»; for the positive solution hoped several sides such as: Romania, the UNR, the governments of Generals A. Denikin and O. Kolchak, the RCFSR, USSR.As the result of the opening debates and the agreements, on October 28, 1920 year, the Paris Protocol was signed, which was recognized the sovereignty of Romania over Bessarabia. At the same time, the experience of the «equitable» solution of the «Bessarabian question» in 1920 year did not lose its practical and its scientific interest even today. As today’s practice shows, the existing of the state borders are only conditionally stable and, accordingly, due to changes of the geopolitical situation in the world, can be revised and be changed in favor of others. This, in its turn, provokes the formation of the new points of the «rivalry and collision» and does not promote of the tune-up of the peaceful dialogue between the countries.
On the other hand, the «historiographic work» on the theme is also testified about the interest of the researches in its study and the rethinking. At the same time, the «Bessarabian question» of 1918-1920 years was evaluated, analyzed and characterized from absolutely diametrically opposed positions, beginning with full approval and ending with the unqualified condemnation.The purpose of this article is the analysis of the scientific publications of the foreign researchers who were devoted to the study of the «Bessarabian problem» during 1918-1920 years. In general, the theme of the territorial affiliation of the region has been partly reflected in the writings of the foreign historians, but it requires further research and the scientific rethinking.
