STRUCTURAL MODEL OF DETERMINING OF LAYING FOUNDATION DEPTH

Abstract

On the basis of the analysis of scientific and standard literature on design of constructions bases and foundations, catalogs of prefabricated elements products of the bases of small underlay, textbooks on architectural designs the structural model of determining of laying foundation depth is developed. It can be considered as the planar coherent oriented unweighted graph.

Tops and edges of a graph are revealed. The graph contains thirty tops (nodes) and forty one edges (communication).

The top "Depth of laying foundations" has twelve entrance edges as directly this top is influenced by twelve factors: "Existing and planned relief after engineering preparation of the building area", "Depth of laying the foundations of adjacent buildings and laying engineering communications", "Provision of special thermal measures to eliminate soil freezing", "Purpose and design features of design structures, loads and influences on foundations", "Design features of foundation materials", "Engineering geological conditions of the construction site", "Laying the foundations of the building at different altitude marks", "Hydrogeological conditions of the construction site and their possible changes in the  construction and operation process of structures", "Depth of seasonal soil freezing", "Location of foundations", "The presence of a basement or technical underground", "Foundations сalculation for bearing capacity".Other seventeen tops have communications among themselves and (or) with twelve above-mentioned tops. These tops have the following names: "Soil type", "Soil properties", "The distance between the inner faces of the foundations", "The average pressure under the base of the upper foundation from the calculated loads", "Coefficient that takes into account the influence of the thermal regime of the building ", "The heating presence in the building", "Estimated average daily air temperature in the room", "Season and outside air temperature during construction", "The distance from the outer face of the wall to the edge of the foundation", "Floor type first floor", "Location  under the inner walls", "Location under the external walls", "Standard depth of seasonal soil freezing", "The average of the annual maximum depths of seasonal soils freezing", "The sum of the absolute values of the average monthly negative temperatures for winter in this area", "The depth of the groundwater level", "Water lowering measures".

Keywords: cellar, depth of freezing, engineering-geological conditions, foundation, soil, underground waters, underlay depth.