Philosophical-worldwide analysis of the problem "woman and war" (as example of modern Ukraine)
Abstract
The article from the standpoint of the philosophical-ideological approach analyzes the problems connected with the participation of Ukrainian women in the hybrid war in the East of Ukraine. For recent years, Ukraine has upbrought a new generation of women - volunteers, medical workers, military women, fighting for life in the zone of ATO. The war opened up the potential of a modern Ukrainian woman in military affairs, made it possible to demonstrate the spirit strength and deepened patriotism. The Ukrainian woman phenomenon in military actions requires special research, not just the Ukrainian media reaction. The largest number of articles and research is presented in Ukraine in feminist and gender editions, as well as in special analytical materials, for example, on the of the Ministry of Defense website.
Ukrainian scholars in women’s history are fruitfully and actively working on the problem study of "woman and war", but the subject of their research is not a modern hybrid war, but the First and Second World Wars and women’s fates during those events. As for Ukrainian philosophers, the above-mentioned problem is not presented at all in their works at all. Perhaps, in particular, in the worldview, stereotypes and ideas about women as the "Beregin" of the genus and mothers, for whom a war is not a women’s affair, and "the war has not a woman’s face," continue to prevail. The images of "mother", "Beregin", "mistress", "beauty", cultivated by the patriarchal culture, become that dominant feminine, which denies the very of possibility of "nontraditional" life traffics of women, marginalizing the roles which can compete with dominant masculinity. The patriarchal version of the woman’ role deprives them as a social group of their own political program. So, one of the meanings of the thesis "Women are not visible" is an indication that there is a silencing of women’s demands, political programs, feminist discourse, which is an exclusion policy that distorts their real role in society. When women come to the army, they destroy the eternal order. A man can no longer be considered a defender of a house and a woman. So, the womanhood itself demonstrates its ability to defend. There appears a conflict in the mass consciousness and the crisis of traditional identities.
Nevertheless, the events of the Euro Revolution and the hybrid war in the East of Ukraine, which gave rise to a broad civil movement, first of all of volunteers and created a number of precedents for c mass consciousness hanging and practices in the Ukrainian society, which can really change the established social relations. The genderization of Armed Forces of Ukraine is actively promoting those changes to the list of positions and specialties that are already in force in the Ukrainian Army. Now a number of previously inaccessible professions and positions in the army can be occupied by women.
In modern Ukraine, a paradoxical situation has emerged when, as Ukrainian gender experts point out, even the laws on the women military service are actually aimed at their rights broadening, they are written using the rhetoric of "guardianship", that is, when the reason is the patriarchal ideology, according to which a Ukrainian woman is defined as the "bereginia" of the genus and motherhood. The Ukrainian legislation does not contribute to the adoption of the declared principles of equal opportunities for men and women. The laws governing the security and defense relations are developing the theme of women-Beregin, women-mother. The problem is not in a woman who wants to serve, but in men with their perception, outlook and consciousness. The standard procedure for the systematic resolution of the issue is as follows: the development of a state strategy for gender equality in the security and defense sector, elaboration of action plan for implementation of the strategy, amendments to legislation. The generation processes occurring in the modern Ukrainian society correspond to the best world and European trends of development. Perhaps the women’s participation experience in hybrid war experience in Ukraine will be an example of a real effective gender partnership among women and men of the country.
