Spiritual and moral culture of modern youth as an object of pedagogical analysis

Abstract

The article highlights the relevance of the problem of personality spirituality, substantiates its theoretical foundations, analyzes key concepts, presents results on the formation of spiritual and moral values in future teachers. The author of the study aims to attempt to clarify the modern definition of the term "spiritual and moral culture" based on the analysis of its interpretations by pedagogy. Attention is also paid to the components of spiritual and moral culture: cognition, morality, upbringing, education, law, politics, philosophy, ethics, aesthetics, science, art, literature, mythology, religion; it is analyzed that as a pedagogical concept "spiritual and moral culture" and its formation implies the following features in its content: purposefulness; the presence of some sample, even the most general, as a socio-cultural reference point; the correspondence of the process of development of socio-cultural values in the historical progress of society; the presence of a certain system of organized influences. In the publication, the author notes that among the modern problems of the development of spiritual and moral culture, the problem of the development of the spiritual and moral culture of the individual, as well as the constructive role of the state and social institutions in overcoming negative phenomena in this area and preventing their further spread, is relevant. Attention is focused on the components of the spiritual culture of the individual: intellectual culture of knowledge and thinking; moral culture – conscience, honor, dignity, culture of communication and feelings; national self-consciousness, political-ecological, legal culture; aesthetic culture. In modern studies of the problems of social morality and spiritual and moral education, the priority direction is to determine the system of connections between the moral development of the individual and society as a whole. Therefore, the main education task of higher education is to educate an individual capable of moral self-improvement and autonomous self-regulation of his activities and behavior, which cannot be subject to the influence of spontaneous or purposeful destructive social factors. The author claims that this is achieved through the development of a high spiritual and moral culture under the influence of scientifically sound targeted educational technologies.

Key words: spiritual and moral culture; national education; social institution, personality, national onsciousness, youth.