Readiness of a graduate of a pedagogical institution of higher education for future professional activity as a condition of his competitiveness

Abstract

In the article, the authors highlight the issue of readiness of a graduate of higher education for professional activity as a condition for competitiveness in the labor market. After all, one of the problems facing modern society is the training of competitive specialists. By readiness for future professional activity, we will understand an integrative characteristic, which includes the necessary set of competencies and the presence of stable value orientations regarding future professional activity, the formation of certain personal qualities. The publication focuses on the fact that for effective professional activity, a young specialist needs to have such key professional competences as: organizational, communicative, research, informational, as well as such personal qualities as: the ability to defend one's point of view, responsibility, the ability to work with information, the ability to exercise self-control, diligence, initiative. The article highlights and analyzes different points of view on the research problem. From the analysis of the literature, the most significant approaches to the formation of a competitive specialist were identified: competence-based, contextual, problem-based, and person-oriented. However, none of the authors considered these approaches as a whole, as an opportunity to implement the interaction of the above approaches to build an effective model of the learning process in higher education, aimed at forming the educational standard, personal qualities and value relationships of future specialists necessary for employers and the corresponding requirements for professional activity. The authors draw attention to the fact that when organizing an effective educational process, it is necessary to take into account the value orientations of students of higher education. Values are formed in a person in childhood, then under the influence of various factors they change throughout life. By identifying the value orientations of a person in a certain period of life, it is possible to determine which values currently govern his behavior and what he strives for. Accordingly, teaching methods should take into account the existing value system. In this regard, in order to prepare a graduate for professional activity, that is, to form a competitive specialist, it is necessary to study the requirements of employers for the presence of competencies and personal qualities that, in their opinion, are necessary for a modern graduate, as well as to study the value orientations that influence on the readiness of the graduate for his future professional activity.

Key words: institution of higher education; labor market; student of higher education; specialist; competition; competence.